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The guiding idea is controlling exposure by restricting who can be in areas where radiation is being used and ensuring protection for anyone else present. In IRR99 local rules, controlled areas are places where radiation exposure could occur, so occupancy is limited to people who have a proper role and are protected.

The patient receiving treatment may remain in the controlled area because they are the subject of the exposure and need to be there for the procedure to be completed. Others may stay only if they are under direct supervision and wearing appropriate lead protection to minimize their exposure. Lead shielding, such as aprons or thyroid shields, helps reduce dose to anyone else in the room, and supervision ensures no unnecessary time is spent in the area.

Alternative options would either deny any presence in the controlled area or allow unrestricted presence, which would miss the protective requirements. Thus, the setup described—the patient may stay, others only under supervision with lead protection—best aligns with safe practice under IRR99.